Protocolo de recuperación mejorada después de cirugía (ERAS) atenúa el estrés y acelera la recuperación en pacientes después de resección radical por cáncer colorrectal: Experiencia en la Clínica Universitaria Colombia / Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol attenuates stress and accelerates recovery in patients after radical resection for colorectal cancer: Experience at Clínica Universitaria Colombia

Introducción. El conjunto de estrategias de recuperación mejorada después de la cirugía (ERAS, por sus siglas en inglés) constituye un enfoque de atención multimodal y multidisciplinario, cuyo propósito es reducir el estrés perioperatorio de la cirugía, disminuir la morbilidad y acortar la estancia hospitalaria. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir los resultados clínicos de pacientes sometidos a cirugía por cáncer colorrectal, identificando las complicaciones principales y los factores perioperatorios relacionados con el alta temprana. Métodos. Se analizaron los pacientes consecutivos sometidos a cirugía colorrectal entre los años 2020 y 2023, todos los cuales siguieron el protocolo ERAS institucional. Se evaluaron las características clínicas, los factores perioperatorios, los desenlaces postoperatorios y la tasa global de adherencia al protocolo. Resultados. Un total de 456 pacientes fueron sometidos a cirugía colorrectal, 51% de sexo masculino, con edad media de 60 años. La mayoría de las intervenciones se realizaron por laparoscopia (78 %), con una tasa de conversión del 14,5 %. Las complicaciones postoperatorias incluyeron fuga anastomótica (4,6 %), sangrado, infección intraabdominal y obstrucción intestinal. La estancia hospitalaria promedio fue de 4 días y la mortalidad del 2,8 %. La tasa global de adherencia al protocolo ERAS fue del 84,7 %. Conclusiones. El enfoque combinado de cirugía laparoscópica y protocolo ERAS es factible, seguro y se asocia con una estancia hospitalaria más corta. La implementación y adherencia al protocolo ERAS no solo mejora los resultados postoperatorios, sino que también resalta la importancia de acceder a datos sólidos, permitiendo mejorar la atención perioperatoria local.

Introduction. The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol is a multimodal, multidisciplinary approach to care, the purpose of which is to reduce the perioperative stress of surgery, decrease morbidity, and shorten hospital stay. This study aimed to describe the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer, identifying the main complications and perioperative factors related to early discharge. Methods. Consecutive patients undergoing colorectal surgery between 2020 and 2023 were analyzed, who followed the institutional ERAS protocol. Clinical characteristics, perioperative factors, postoperative outcomes, and overall protocol adherence rate were evaluated. Results. A total of 456 patients underwent colorectal surgery, 51% male, with a mean age of 60 years. Most interventions were performed laparoscopically (78%), with a conversion rate of 14.5%. Postoperative complications included anastomotic leak (4.6%), followed by bleeding, intra-abdominal infection, and intestinal obstruction. The average hospital stay was 4 days and mortality was 2.8%. The overall adherence rate to the ERAS protocol was 84.7%. Conclusions. The combined approach of laparoscopic surgery and ERAS protocol is feasible, safe, and associated with a shorter hospital stay. Implementation and adherence to the ERAS protocol not only improves postoperative outcomes, but also highlights the importance of accessing solid data, allowing for improved local perioperative care.

Adesão ao protocolo Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) em cirurgia plástica de reconstrução mamária / Adherence to the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol in breast reconstruction plastic surgery

Introdução: O protocolo Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Society (ERAS) revolucionou os cuidados perioperatórios, aprimorando o manejo intra-hospitalar e melhorando desfechos de pacientes submetidas a cirurgia plástica de reconstrução mamária. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a adesão às recomendações do protocolo ERAS para cirurgia plástica em dois hospitais de referência do Sul do país. Método: Estudo transversal, utilizando banco de dados de prontuários, em dois hospitais do Sul do Brasil, nos anos de 2018 a 2021. A definição das variáveis a serem avaliadas foi baseada no protocolo ERAS mais recente proposto por Temple-Oberle e colaboradores. Os resultados foram analisados por epidemiologia descritiva. Resultados: A taxa média de cumprimento do protocolo ERAS por participante foi de 50,7%. O tempo médio de internação foi de 11 horas e 52 minutos. A quantidade de indicações com forte grau de recomendação atingida mostrou capacidade de diminuir tempo de internação (ρ de Spearman = -0,397) (p<0,001). Conclusão: A adesão a medidas de otimização perioperatória em cirurgia plástica de reconstrução mamária é capaz de reduzir tempo de internação dos pacientes. Entretanto, a taxa média de adesão por paciente ainda é baixa, tornando-se evidente a necessidade de otimizar os cuidados dos pacientes submetidos a esta cirurgia.

Introduction: The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Society (ERAS) protocol has revolutionized perioperative care, improving in-hospital management and outcomes for patients undergoing breast reconstruction plastic surgery. This study evaluated adherence to the ERAS protocol recommendations for plastic surgery in two reference hospitals in the country's south. Method: Cross-sectional study using a medical record database in two hospitals in southern Brazil from 2018 to 2021. The definition of the variables to be evaluated was based on the most recent ERAS protocol proposed by Temple-Oberle and collaborators. The results were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results: The average rate of compliance with the ERAS protocol per participant was 50.7%. The mean length of stay was 11 hours and 52 minutes. The number of indications with a strong degree of recommendation achieved showed the ability to reduce the length of stay (Spearman ρ = -0.397) (p<0.001). Conclusion: Adherence to perioperative optimization measures in breast reconstruction plastic surgery can reduce patients' hospital stays. However, the average adherence rate per patient is still low, making it evident the need to optimize the care of patients undergoing this surgery.

Bloqueo interescalénico en el contexto de la recuperación acelerada para artroscopía de hombro: serie de casos / Interscalene block in the context of enhanced recovery for shoulder: A case series

Introducción La aplicación de la recuperación acelerada en cirugía de hombro no ha tenido una aceptación tan favorable. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue presentar y describir el uso de bloqueo interescalénico para favorecer la recuperación acelerada en una serie de pacientes sometidos a cirugía artroscopica de hombro. Métodos Se incluyeron 35 pacientes sometidos a cirugía artroscópica de hombro, en quienes se administró bloqueo interescalénico y sedación. Posteriormente se evaluó la intensidad del dolor, náuseas, vómito, disnea, presencia de síndrome de Horner, visión borrosa, ronquera, tiempo transcurrido hasta el alta, reingresos no planeados, satisfacción del paciente y cumplimiento de los criterios de alta hospitalaria en las primeras 12 horas siguiendo los criterios de una recuperación acelerada. Resultados En total, 27 pacientes (77,1%) tuvieron clasificación de la (ASA) I y 8 pacientes (22,9%) ASA II. Además, 97,1% fueron reparaciones de manguito rotador. Previo al alta, dos pacientes (5,7%) presentaron náuseas. Al momento del alta ningún paciente presentó disnea o visión borrosa, dos pacientes (5,7%) presentaron ronquera y la mediana de intensidad del dolor fue de 1,0 (0,0 a 7,0). Entre las 24 y 48 horas solo un (2,8%) paciente presentó náuseas y la mediana de intensidad del dolor fue de 1,0 (0,0 a 8,0). Todos los pacientes se mostraron satisfechos con disposición a repetir la experiencia. El 100% de pacientes cumplió los criterios médicos de alta a las 12 horas y 30 pacientes (85,7%) se dieron de alta el mismo día. La estancia fue de 12 (11,5 a 12,5) horas y ningún paciente reingresó. Conclusión En pacientes seleccionados, con un equipo quirúrgico-anestésico comprometido, capacitado y con experiencia, hay una alta posibilidad de que el bloqueo interescalénico favorezca la realización de programas de recuperación acelerada en cirugía artroscópica de hombro.

Introduction The application of enhanced recovery in shoulder surgery has not had such a favorable acceptance, therefore, the objective of this study was to present and describe the use of interscalene block to promote enhanced recovery in a series of patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopic surgery. Methods Thirty-five patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery were included, in whom interscalene blockade and sedation were administered. Subsequently, pain intensity, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, presence of Horner's syndrome, blurred vision, hoarseness, time elapsed to discharge, unplanned readmissions, patient satisfaction, and compliance with hospital discharge criteria in the first 12 weeks were evaluated, hours following the criteria of an enhanced recovery. Results 27 patients (77,1%) had ASA I and 8 patients (22,8%) ASA II, 97,1% were rotator cuff repairs. Before discharge, two patients (5.7%) had nausea. At discharge, no patient had dyspnea or blurred vision, two patients (5.7%) developed hoarseness, and the median pain intensity was 1.0 (0.0-7.0). Between 24 and 48 hours only one patient (2.8%) presented nausea and the median pain intensity was 1.0 (0.0-8.0). All the patients were satisfied with their willingness to repeat the experience, 100% of the patients met the criteria for medical discharge after 12 hours, 30 patients (85.7%) were discharged the same day, the stay was 12 (11.5 to 12.5) hours, and no patient was readmitted. Conclusion In selected patients with a committed, trained and experienced surgical-anesthetic team, there is a high possibility that the interscalene block will favor the performance of enhanced recovery programs in shoulder arthroscopic surgery.

Association between enhanced recovery after surgery protocol compliance and clinical complications: a cohort study

Abstract Background Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol is composed by evidence-based interventions that aim to improve recovery through a reduction in surgical stress response. Although ERAS protocols have been introduced across the globe, exhaustive implementation is not as common. We aimed to study the ERAS protocol compliance in colorectal surgery, assessing the relationship between compliance and postoperative complications. Methods A single-center cohort study was conducted. All consecutive patients admitted to elective colorectal surgery were included. We assessed study endpoints according to ERAS protocol perioperative compliance score above 75%. Our primary endpoint was a composite of postoperative events, which includes in-hospital postoperative complications and need for reoperation after 30 days and need for readmission after discharge. Secondary endpoints were surgery-to-discharge time, postoperative use of only non-opioid adjuvants and the individual components of the primary endpoint. Results A total of 224 colorectal patients were included. The primary endpoint occurred in 59.2% (n = 58) of non-compliant patients comparing to 34.1% (n = 43) in compliant patients. In univariate analysis, compliance to ERAS protocol had an inferior risk for the primary endpoint (p< 0.001). In a logistic regression model, compliance was independently associated with a reduced risk for the primary endpoint with a odds-ratio of 0.42 (95% CI 0.23-0.75, p= 0.004). Conclusion Compliance with the ERAS protocol is associated with less complications, a reduced surgery-to-discharge time and use of only non-opioid adjuvants in the postoperative period. More studies are needed to target the most appropriate compliance goal.

Implementation of an ERAS program in patients undergoing thoracic surgery at a third-level university hospital: an ambispective cohort study

Abstract Objective To analyze the effects of an ERAS program on complication rates, readmission, and length of stay in patients undergoing pulmonary resection in a tertiary university hospital. Methods Ambispective cohort study with a prospective arm of 50 patients undergoing thoracic surgery within an ERAS program (ERAS group) versus a retrospective arm of 50 patients undergoing surgery before the protocol was implemented (Standard group). The primary outcome was the number of patients with 30-day surgical complications. Secondary outcomes included ERAS adherence, non-surgical complications, mortality, readmission, reintervention rate, pain, and hospital length of stay. We performed a multivariate logistic analysis to study the correlation between outcomes and ERAS adherence. Results In the univariate analysis, we found no difference between the two groups in terms of surgical complications (Standard 18 [36%] vs. ERAS 12 [24%], p = 0.19). In the ERAS group, only the readmission rate was significantly lower (Standard 15 [30%] vs. ERAS 6 [12%], p = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis, ERAS adherence was the only factor associated with a reduction in surgical complications (OR [95% CI] = 0.02 [0.00, 0.59], p = 0.03) and length of stay (HR [95% CI] = 18.5 [4.39, 78.4], p < 0.001). Conclusions The ERAS program significantly reduced the readmission rate at our hospital. Adherence to the ERAS protocol reduced surgical complications and length of stay.

Early mobilization after total hip or knee arthroplasty: a substudy of the POWER. 2 study

Abstract Background Early mobilization after surgery is a cornerstone of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs in total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Our goal was to determine the time to mobilization after this surgery and the factors associated with early mobilization. Methods This was a predefined substudy of the POWER.2 study, a prospective cohort study conducted in patients undergoing THA and TKA at 131 Spanish hospitals. The primary outcome was the time until mobilization after surgery as well as determining those perioperative factors associated with early mobilization after surgery. Results A total of 6093 patients were included. The median time to achieve mobilization after the end of the surgery was 24 hours [16-30]. 4,222 (69.3%) patients moved in ≤ 24 hours after surgery. Local anesthesia [OR = 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72-0.90); p= 0.001], surgery performed in a self-declared ERAS center [OR = 0.57 (95% CI: 0.55-0.60); p< 0.001], mean adherence to ERAS items [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.92-0.93); p< 0.001], and preoperative hemoglobin [OR = 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96-0.98); p< 0.001] were associated with shorter time to mobilization. Conclusions Most THA and TKA patients mobilize in the first postoperative day, early time to mobilization was associated with the compliance with ERAS protocols, preoperative hemoglobin, and local anesthesia, and with the absence of a urinary catheter, surgical drains, epidural analgesia, and postoperative complications. The perioperative elements that are associated with early mobilization are mostly modifiable, so there is room for improvement.

Compliance with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol recommendations for bariatric surgery in an obesity treatment center

Abstract Introduction The higher risk of perioperative complications associated with obesity has made anesthesiologists increasingly concerned with the management of obese patients. Measures that improve bariatric surgery patient safety have become essential. The implementation of ERAS protocols in several surgical specialties has made it possible to achieve appropriate outcomes as to surgery safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient compliance with the recommendations of an ERAS protocol for Bariatric Surgery (ERABS) at a hospital specialized in obesity treatment. Methods Cross-sectional study, using a medical record database, in a hospital certified as an International Center of Excellence in Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery. The definition of the variables to be assessed was based on the most recent ERABS proposed by Thorell et al. Results were analyzed using descriptive epidemiology. Results The study evaluated all patients undergoing bariatric surgery in 2019. Mean compliance with the recommendations per participant was 42.8%, with a maximum of 55.5%, and was distributed as follows: 22.6% of compliance with preoperative recommendations, 60% to intraoperative recommendations, and 58.1% to postoperative recommendations. The anesthesiologist is the professional who provides most measures for the perioperative optimization of bariatric surgery patients. In our study we found that anesthesiologists complied with only 39.5% of ERABS recommendations. Conclusions Mean compliance with ERABS recommendations per participant was 42.8%. Considering that the study was carried out at a hospital certified as an international center of excellence, the need for introducing improvements in the care of patients to be submitted to bariatric surgery is evident.

Application of incision subcutaneous porous catheter combined with ropivacaine analgesia in enhanced recovery after laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of incision subcutaneous porous catheter combined with ropivacaine analgesia in enhanced recovery after laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 140 patients underwent gastrointestinal surgery from August 2021 to April 2022 in Shanghai Fourth People′s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 70 patients were given routine postoperative analgesia (control group), and 70 patients were given incision subcutaneous porous catheter combined with ropivacaine analgesia on the basis of routine postoperative analgesia (observation group). The visual analogue score (VAS) 4, 24, 32, 48, 56 and 72 h after operation was evaluated; and the complications of subcutaneous catheterization, incision infection, postoperative nausea vomiting, neurological symptoms, time to extubation, patient satisfaction degree, recovery time of intestinal function and hospital stay were recorded.Results:The VAS 4, 24, 32, 48, 56 and 72 h after operation in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group: 1.000 (- 0.250, 2.250) scores vs. 1.000 (- 1.000, 3.000) scores, 2.000 (1.000, 3.000) scores vs. 4.000 (2.000, 6.000) scores, 1.000 (0.000, 2.000) scores vs. 3.000 (1.000, 5.000) scores, 2.000 (1.000, 3.000) scores vs. 3.000 (1.750, 4.250) scores, (1.100 ± 0.934) scores vs. (2.085 ± 0.943) scores and (0.985 ± 0.842) scores vs. (1.814 ± 0.921) scores, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05 or <0.01). The recovery time of intestinal function and hospital stay in observation group were significantly shorter than that that in control group: (1.743 ± 0.557) d vs. (2.200 ± 0.714) d and (8.043 ± 1.160) d vs. (8.757 ± 1.221) d, and there were statistical difference ( P<0.01); there were no statistical differences in the rate of incision infection, incidence of postoperative nausea vomiting, time to extubation and patient dissatisfaction rate between two groups ( P>0.05); there were no the complications of subcutaneous catheterization and neurological symptoms in two groups. Conclusions:The incision subcutaneous porous catheter combined with ropivacaine analgesia after laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery is a safe, effective and feasible method. Multimodal analgesia under enhanced recovery after surgery can increase the postoperative recovery after gastrointestinal operations and shorten the postoperative hospital stay.

Construction andeffect evaluation of precise oral nutrition guidance program for postoperative patients with colorectal cancer undergoing accelerated rehabilitation / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct and evaluate the effect of precise oral nutrition guidance program for colorectal cancer patients with accelerated rehabilitation after operation.Methods:This study was a quasi experimental study. A total of 116 patients with colorectal cancer from department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital from March to Deamber, 2021 were selected by convenience sampling method. They were divided into two groups according to their admission time, the experimental group (58 cases), was given precise oral nutrition guidance program after colorectal cancer surgery based. In the control group, 58 cases were treated with the conventional dietary guidance for rapid rehabilitation. The gastrointestinal tolerance rate, the compliance rate of oral nutritional supplements, the first defecation time after operation, albumin, total albumin, prealbumin and other nutritional indexes were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results:Finally, 111 cases were included, induding 56 in the experimental group and 55 in the control group. The compliance rate of oral nutritional supplements after intervention in the experimental group was 73.2% (41/56), higher than that in the control group 40.0%(22/55), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 = 12.47, P<0.05). The first defecation time after operation in the experimental group was (29.51 ± 5.52) h, while in the control group was (61.48 ± 8.39) h, the difference between the two groups was significant ( t = -12.06, P<0.05). The postoperative enteral nutrition tolerance rate of the experimental group was 91.1% (51/56), which was higher than the 69.1%(38/55) in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 = 8.44, P<0.05). The serum total protein, albumin and prealbumin levels of the experimental group at discharge were (66.56 ± 5.15), (46.78 ± 7.62) g/L and (276.07 ± 53.57) mg/L, compared with the (60.27 ± 4.37), (39.12 ± 6.41) g/L and (230.14 ± 44.58) mg/L in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t = 6.66, 5.02, 4.91, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The implementation of precise oral nutrition guidance program is conducive to guiding the clinical practice of oral nutritional supplements in patients with colorectal cancer after surgery, improving patient compliance, reducing gastrointestinal intolerance, promoting intestinal function recovery, and improving nutritional status of patients.

Construction of perioperative activity program for minimally invasive esophageal cancer patients under enhanced recovery after surgery concept / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct a perioperative activity program for patients with minimally invasive esophageal cancer under enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) concept through literature review and Delphi method.Methods:This was a single-center and interview study. Databases and websites including PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Medive and other databases and websites were searched systematically for articles related to esophageal cancer and upper digestive tract cancer patients′ activities from January 1, 2002 to January 31, 2022. In this single-center and interview study, literature review and group discussion were conducted to form a preliminary activity program, and then Delphi method was used to further demonstrate the practicability and feasibility of the activity program.Results:The overall program and specific intervention methods of perioperative activity program for minimally invasive esophageal cancer patients under ERAS concept were constructed, including 3 first-level indicators, 9 second-level indicators and 35 third-level indicators.Conclusions:Perioperative activity program of patients with minimally invasive esophageal cancer is scientific and reasonable, which can provide reference for medical staff and patients.

Effect of perioperative clinical application of enhanced recovery after surgery on elderly recipients undergoing liver transplantation / 器官移植

Objective To evaluate the application value of perioperative interventional strategy guided by enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in elderly recipients undergoing liver transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 405 liver transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed. According to age, all recipients were divided into the elderly (≥60 years, n=122) and non-elderly groups (< 60 years, n=283). All patients received perioperative interventions under the guidance of ERAS. Intraoperative and postoperative indexes, incidence of postoperative complications and discharge were analyzed between two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the duration of anesthesia, operation time, anhepatic phase, hemorrhage volume, blood transfusion volume, lactic acid level before abdominal closure, ventilator-assisted time, the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, Caprini score, CHIPPS score, time of gastric tube, urinary tube and drainage tube removal, time to first drinking, time to first physical activity and time to first flatus between two groups (all P > 0.05). In the elderly group, the time to first feeding was later than that in the non-elderly group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of fever, ascites, pulmonary infection, delayed gastric emptying, hemorrhage and inactive venous thrombosis between two groups (all P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, serum creatinine before discharge and total length of hospital stay between two groups (all P > 0.05). The alanine aminotransferase level in elderly recipients was lower than that in non-elderly counterparts, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). No unplanned reoperation was performed within postoperative 30 d in two groups. There was no significant difference in the re-hospitalization rate within 30 d after discharge (P > 0.05). Conclusions ERAS-guided interventional strategy contributes to perioperative recovery of elderly recipients undergoing liver transplantation, and yields equivalent postoperative recovery between elderly and non-elderly recipients.

Enhanced recovery after surgery in transurethral surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) measures have not been systematically applied in transurethral surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study was performed on patients with BPH who required surgical intervention. From July 2019 to June 2020, the ERAS program was applied to 248 patients, and the conventional program was applied to 238 patients. After 1 year of follow-up, the differences between the ERAS group and the conventional group were evaluated. The ERAS group had a shorter time of urinary catheterization compared with the conventional group (mean ± standard deviation [s.d.]: 1.0 ± 0.4 days vs 2.7 ± 0.8 days, P < 0.01), and the pain (mean ± s.d.) was significantly reduced through postoperative hospitalization days (PODs) 0-2 (POD 0: 1.7 ± 0.8 vs 2.4 ± 1.0, P < 0.01; POD 1: 1.6 ± 0.9 vs 3.5 ± 1.3, P < 0.01; POD 2: 1.2 ± 0.7 vs 3.0 ± 1.3, P < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was found in the rate of postoperative complications, such as postoperative bleeding (P = 0.79), urinary retention (P = 0.40), fever (P = 0.55), and readmission (P = 0.71). The hospitalization cost of the ERAS group was similar to that of the conventional group (mean ± s.d.: 16 927.8 ± 5808.1 Chinese Yuan [CNY] vs 17 044.1 ± 5830.7 CNY, P =0.85). The International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL) scores in the two groups were also similar when compared at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after discharge. The ERAS program we conducted was safe, repeatable, and efficient. In conclusion, patients undergoing the ERAS program experienced less postoperative stress than those undergoing the conventional program.

Protocolo de recuperación intensificada durante la cirugía del plexo braquial (RIPLEX) / ntensified Recovery Protocol during Brachial Plexus Surgery (RIPLEX)

La restauración de la función del miembro superior en los pacientes que sufren lesiones del plexo braquial para favorecer la mejoría en su calidad de vida. Así como su reinserción social y laboral, se puede optimizar mediante la implementación de programas de recuperación intensificada o mejorada, multimodales, multidisciplinarios, y de elevados estándares cualitativos, denominados protocolos ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery), se recomienda la utilización de métodos fundamentados en la mejor evidencia científica disponible. El protocolo que se expone, aplicado en el Complejo Científico Ortopédico Internacional "Frank Paísˮ, derivado de una investigación institucional en curso. Objetivos: Contribuir en el desarrollo del conocimiento científico imprescindible para favorecer la introducción y sistematización de los cuidados perioperatorios multimodales durante las intervenciones quirúrgicas del plexo braquial.

Introduction: Restoration of upper limb function in patients suffering from brachial plexus injuries, in view of favoring improvement in their quality of life or their social and labor reinsertion, can be optimized by means of implementing multimodal, multidisciplinary, intensified or enhanced recovery programs with high qualitative standards, called ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) protocols. The use of methods based on the best available scientific evidence is recommended. The protocol presented here is applied at Complejo Científico Ortopédico Internacional "Frank Paísˮ and derived from an ongoing institutional research. Objective: To contribute to the development of scientific knowledge essential to favor the introduction and systematization of multimodal perioperative care during brachial plexus surgical interventions.

Effectiveness of an Educational Intervention with Guidelines from the Total Acceleration of Postoperative Recovery Project (ACERTO) in Gynecology / Efetividade de uma intervenção educativa com diretrizes do projeto Aceleração da Recuperação Total Pós-operatória (ACERTO) na ginecologia

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention among gynecologists about recommendations of the Total Acceleration of Postoperative Recovery (ACERTO, in the Portuguese acronym) project derived from the solid foundations of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines to optimize hospital care for surgical-gynecological patients. Methods Educational intervention through monthly 1-hour long meetings (3 months), with the application of an objective questionnaire about specific knowledge of the ACERTO project between before and after educational intervention phases, for gynecologists, after approval by the ethics committee and signature of informed consent by participants, in a federal university hospital. Results Among the 25 gynecologists who agreed to participate, the educational intervention could be effective with a statistically significant difference between the phases before and after the intervention for the main recommendations of the ACERTO project, such as abbreviation of preoperative fasting (p = 0.006), venous thromboembolism prophylaxis (p = 0.024), knowledge and replication of ACERTO (p = 0.034), and multimodal analgesia (p = 0.021). Conclusion An educational intervention, through clinical meetings with exposition and discussion of the recommendations of the ACERTO project based on the ERAS protocol can be effective for the knowledge and possibility of practical application of the main measures, such as abbreviation of preoperative fasting, multimodal analgesia, and prophylaxis of thrombosis among gynecologists.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção educativa entre ginecologistas de um hospital universitário a fim de capacitar o conhecimento científico das recomendações do projeto Aceleração da Recuperação Total Pós-operatória ACERTO, derivado das bases sólidas do protocolo Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) para otimizar a assistência hospitalar de pacientes cirúrgico-ginecológicas. Métodos Intervenção educativa por meio de reuniões mensais por 3 meses, com duração de 1 hora, com aplicação de questionário objetivo com questões de conhecimentos específicos do projeto ACERTO com fases antes e depois da intervenção, para profissionais ginecologistas, após aprovação do comitê de ética em pesquisas (CEP) e assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido (TCLE) pelos participantes. Resultados Dentre os 25 ginecologistas que aceitaram participar, a intervenção educativa se mostrou eficaz com diferença estatisticamente significante entre as fases antes e depois da intervenção para as principais recomendações do projeto ACERTO, como abreviação de jejum pré-operatório (p = 0.006), profilaxia de tromboembolismo venoso (p = 0.024), conhecimento e replicação do conhecimento do ACERTO (p = 0.006) e analgesia multimodal (p = 0.006). Conclusão Uma intervenção educativa, por meio de reuniões clínicas com exposição e discussão das recomendações do projeto ACERTO baseadas em evidências e derivadas do ERAS é eficaz para o conhecimento e possibilidade de aplicação prática de medidas como abreviação de jejum pré-operatório, analgesia multimodal e profilaxia de trombose entre ginecologistas.

La recuperación empieza antes de la Cirugía

Un paciente que se somete a una cirugía mayor se enfrenta a un factor estresante importante. Dependiendo de la mag nitud de la cirugía, la respuesta al estrés quirúrgico puede alterar los procesos metabólicos y la homeostasis. A pesar de cualquier complicación quirúrgica, se ha demostrado que las cirugías mayores reducen la capacidad fisiológica y funcional del individuo. Al mismo tiempo, la inactividad y el reposo en cama pueden inducir una rápida atrofia muscular. Estas consecuencias se asocian a perores resultados quirúrgicos. La pre-habilitación quirúrgica es un enfoque innovador en el campo de la medicina que busca mejorar los resultados de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía mediante la optimización de su estado físico y mental antes de la intervención quirúrgica. A diferencia de la rehabilitación, que se lleva a cabo después de la cirugía para ayudar en la recuperación, la pre-habilitación se realiza antes de la operación con el objetivo de preparar al paciente de manera integral. El objetivo principal de la pre-habilitación quirúrgica es minimizar los efectos negativos de la cirugía, acelerar la recuperación y mejorar la calidad de vida después de la intervención. Para lograr esto, se implementan diferentes intervenciones multidisciplinarias que abordan aspectos físicos, emocionales y nutricionales del paciente. En este artículo, exploramos el concepto de prehabilitación como una herramienta eficaz para mejorar los resultados de las intervenciones quirúrgicas. Discutimos diferentes estrategias y enfoques que pueden implementarse como parte de la prehabilitación quirúrgica, con el objetivo de minimizar complicaciones, acelerar la recuperación y mejorar la calidad de vida postoperatoria. Además, examinamos la evidencia actual disponible y resaltamos la necesidad de futuras investigaciones para validar y ampliar el conocimiento sobre esta prometedora área en la medicina perioperatoria.

Patients undergoing major surgery face an important stress factor. Depending on the significance of the surgery, response to surgical stress may alter metabolic processes and surgical stress response. Despite any surgical complication, there is evidence that major surgeries reduce the physiological and functional capacity of individuals. Simultaneously, inactivity and bed rest may result in rapid muscle atrophy. These consequences are often associated to worsened surgical outcome. Prehabilitation in patients undergoing surgery constitutes an innovative approach in the field of medicine that seeks to improve surgical outcome of patients by optimizing their physical and mental conditions before surgery. Unlike rehabilitation that takes place after surgery to contribute to recovery, prehabilitation is done before surgery and aims to the comprehensive preparation of patients. The main objective of surgical prehabilitation is to minimize the negative effects of surgery, accelerate recovery and improve the quality of life after surgery. To that end, different multidisciplinary interventions are applied to address physical, emotional and nutritional aspects of patients. The study explores the concept of rehabilitation as an effective tool to improve patient's outcome after surgery. Different strategies and approaches that may be implemented as part of surgical rehabilitation are discussed, with the purpose of minimizing complications, accelerating recovery and improving postoperative quality of life. Besides, the study analyzes current evidence available and emphasize on the need to conduct further research to validate and amplify knowledge on this promising area o perioperative medicine.

Um paciente submetido a uma cirurgia de grande porte enfrenta um grande estressor. Dependendo da magnitude da cirurgia, a resposta ao estresse cirúrgico pode alterar os processos metabólicos e a homeostase. Independentemente das possíveis complicações cirúrgicas, as cirurgias de grande porte demonstraram reduzir a capacidade fisiológica e funcional do indivíduo. Ao mesmo tempo, a inatividade e o repouso no leito podem induzir uma rápida atrofia muscular. Essas consequências estão associadas a piores resultados cirúrgicos. A pré-habilitação cirúrgica é uma abordagem inovadora na área da medicina que busca melhorar os resultados dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia, otimizando seu estado físico e mental antes da cirurgia. Ao contrário da reabilitação, que é realizada após a cirurgia para auxiliar na recuperação, a pré-habilitação é realizada antes da operação com o objetivo de preparar o paciente de forma integral. O principal objetivo da pré-habilitação cirúrgica é minimizar os efeitos negativos da cirurgia, acelerar a recuperação e melhorar a qualidade de vida após a cirurgia. Para conseguir isso, são implementadas diferentes intervenções multidisciplinares que abordam aspectos físicos, emocionais e nutricionais do paciente. Neste artigo, exploramos o conceito de pré-habilitação como uma ferramenta eficaz para melhorar os resultados das intervenções cirúrgicas. Discutimos diferentes estratégias e abordagens que podem ser implementadas como parte da pré-habilitação cirúrgica, com o objetivo de minimizar complicações, acelerar a recuperação e melhorar a qualidade de vida pós-operatória. Além disso, revisamos as evidências atualmente disponíveis e destacamos a necessidade de pesquisas futuras para validar e expandir o conhecimento sobre essa promissora área da medicina perioperatória.

Progress on the researches of acupuncture preconditioning before surgery / 中国针灸

This paper reviews the researches on acupuncture preconditioning before surgery in recent years and explores its application value from three aspects, i.e. relieving preoperative anxiety, preventing from postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and preventing from postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction. As a relatively safe non-drug treatment, acupuncture has the underlying advantages in participating into multidisciplinary coordination in the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). By building up higher-quality medical evidences and revealing the effect mechanism of acupuncture from multi-dimenisonal aspects, it is expected that acupuncture technology can be coordinated with ERAS to optimize the clinical path in the perioperative period, and boost the development of the perioperative medicine ultimately.

Safety and feasibility of thoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis based on ambulatory surgery / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate the clinical safety and feasibility of thoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis based on ambulatory surgery. Methods    A retrospective analysis of 74 patients who underwent thoracoscopic sympathectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2017 to April 2021 was performed, including 35 males and 39 females aged 12-38 (21.32±4.13) years. Patients were divided into two groups according to different treatments. There were 34 patients in a control group (adopting traditional surgery), and 40 patients in an observation group (adopting ambulatory surgery). The clinical effects of the two groups were compared. Results    No massive bleeding, conversion to thoracotomy, postoperative pneumo-thorax or severe pneumonia occured in all patients. Univariate analysis of intraoperative indexes showed that the two groups had no statistical difference in total hospitalization cost, operation time, anesthesia time or postoperative waiting time (P>0.05). The amount of intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was less than that in the control group (P<0.05). The time of postoperative out of bed and recovery of walking capacity and the incidence of electrolyte disturbance in the observation group were shorter or lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in white blood count, neutrophils count or postoperative 24 h pulse oxygen saturation fluctuation peak between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion    Based on the optimized diagnosis and treatment model, thoraco-scopic sympathectomy with laryngeal mask airway which is performed during ambulatory surgery, is feasible and worth popularizing in thoracic surgery.

Research progress on perioperative rehabilitation of kidney transplantation / 器官移植

Kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage renal disease in clinical practice. Compared with patients receiving dialysis, kidney transplant recipients may achieve higher survival rate and quality of life, and better clinical outcomes. However, kidney transplant recipients constantly develop physiological and psychological disorders, such as frailty, decreased cardiopulmonary function and cognitive dysfunction, etc. In recent years, with the application of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), rehabilitation therapy plays a pivotal role in optimizing preoperative baseline function, mitigating perioperative physiological and psychological stress and reducing the incidence of postoperative complications. In this article, the application of ERAS in kidney transplantation was reviewed, and research progress on pre-rehabilitation before kidney transplantation and acute-stage rehabilitation after kidney transplantation was summarized, aiming to provide reference for perioperative rehabilitation of kidney transplantation, enhance the quality of life of kidney transplant recipients and accelerate the development of kidney transplantation techniques.

Effects of electrophysiological technique combined with pelvic floor muscle training on the rapid recovery of urinary incontinence after electroresection of prostatic hyperplasia / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the clinical effects of electrophysiological technique combined with pelvic floor muscle training on urinary incontinence after electroresection of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). 【Methods】 A total of 86 patients with urinary incontinence treated with electroresection of BPH during Oct.2019 and Feb.2022 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 43 cases in either group. All patients received health education plus pelvic floor muscle training, and the observation group also received electrophysiological treatment. The differences in the indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 There were no significant differences in the 1 h pad test, ICIQ-SF score, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), post void residual (PVR), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), 24 h urinary incontinence frequency, and Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire Score (I-QoL) before treatment between the two groups (P>0.05). However, after treatment, Qmax and I-QoL score were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group, while the other 5 indicators were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (all P<0.05). The total clinical effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Electrophysiological technique combined with pelvic floor muscle training can effectively improve the symptoms of urinary incontinence and promote the recovery of urinary control function, which is in line with the concept of ERAS and is worthy of further research and promotion.

The feasibility and safety of day surgery for palmar hyperhidrosis based on the principles of enhanced recovery after surgery: A retrospective cohort study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To investigate the safety and feasibility of day surgery for patients with palmar hyperhidrosis based on the principles of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Methods     We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy (ETS) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from March 2020 to December 2021. Patients were divided into a day surgery group and a conventional group according to their perioperative management methods. The patients in the day surgery group underwent an optimized perioperative procedure under the guidance of ERAS, and were ventilated with a laryngeal or face mask during the operation. The patients in the conventional group completed the preoperative examination, operation and postoperative observation according to the conventional procedures, and were intubated with a single-lumen endotracheal tube. The demographic characteristics, operation time, hospital stay, postoperative complications, and hospitalization cost were compared between the two groups. Results     Finally 172 patients were collected, including 90 males and 82 females, with an average age of 25.97±7.43 years. There were 86 patients in each group. All patients ceased suffering from palmar sweating after surgery. No patient experienced massive bleeding or conversion to thoracotomy. There was no statistical difference in operation time between the two groups (P=0.534). Patients in the day surgery group were discharged within 24 hours. The average hospital stay in the conventional group was 2.09±0.41 days. Incidence of postoperative respiratory complications, and the hospitalization cost of the day surgery group were significantly lower than those of the conventional group (P<0.001). The satisfaction rate in both groups was greater than 95%. Conclusion     Day surgery for patients with palmar hyperhidrosis based on the principles of ERAS is safe and feasible, which can reduce postoperative complications, shorten the length of hospital stay and save the cost of hospitalization.